Palabras clave
English Female Artists
mujeres artistas
movimiento por los derechos de las mujeres
e´poca victoriana
Cómo citar
Resumen
En su compilación biográfica sobre mujeres artistas English Female Artists (1876), Ellen Clayton documentó las vidas de numerosas mujeres talentosas y muy trabajadoras para reivindicar su participación en la historia del arte. Además, también aprovechó las biografías de estas artistas para abordar temas más generales, adhiriéndose así a una de las iniciativas más relevantes del período: el movimiento por los derechos de las mujeres, con propuestas que incluyen el progreso en la educación de las mujeres, su acceso a las academias de arte y la mejora de leyes sobre el matrimonio, la familia y el empleo. En particular, cabe reseñar las biografías de artistas célebres que también fueron activistas destacadas de la época, como Laura Herford, Eliza Bridell-Fox y Barbara Leigh Smith Bodichon. Así, este estudio tiene como objetivo explorar no solo cómo enfoca Clayton el análisis de la artista en su propio ámbito específico, sino también las incursiones de la autora en temas sociales y políticos más generales relacionados con las mujeres. Finalmente, la presencia en varias biografías de un término significativo, “hermanas”, es particularmente revelador, ya que Clayton podría estar intentando reunir a través de este texto a la mayor cantidad posible de mujeres, no solo artistas, para luchar todas juntas como hermanas por sus derechos.
Citas
ALTICK, Richard D. 1979. Lives and Letters: A History of Literary Biography in England and America. Westport, CT: Greenwood.
BODICHON, Barbara Leigh Smith. 1854. A Brief Summary, in Plain Language, of the Most Important Laws Concerning Women, together with a Few Observations Thereon. London: J. Chapman.
––––. 1866. Reasons of the Enfranchisement of Women. London: Chambers of the Social Science Association.
BOOTH, Alison. 2004. How to Make it as a Woman. Collective Biographical History from Victoria to the Present. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.
BURSTEIN, Miriam Elizabeth. 2004. Narrating Women’s History in Britain, 1770–1902. Aldershot: Ashgate.
CHERRY, Deborah. 2000. Beyond the Frame. Feminism and Visual Culture, Britain 1850–1900. London: Routledge.
CLARKE, Meaghan. 2005. Critical Voices: Women and Art Criticism in Britain, 1880–1905. Aldershot: Ashgate.
CLAYTON, Ellen C. 1876. English Female Artists, 2 vols. London: Tinsley Brothers.
––––. 1879. Female Warriors. Memorials of Female Valour and Heroism, from the Mythological Ages to the Present Era, 2 vols. London: Tinsley Brothers.
CRAWFORD, Elizabeth. 1999. The Women’s Suffrage Movement: A Reference Guide, 1866–1928. London: Routledge.
EARNER-BYRNE, Lindsey and Diane Urquhart. 2017. “Gender Roles in Ireland since 1740.” In The Cambridge Social History of Modern Ireland, edited by Eugenio F. Biagini and Mary E. Daly, 312–26. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
ELLET, Elizabeth F. 1859. Women Artists in All Ages and Countries. New York: Harper & Brothers.
FLINT, Kate. 1993. The Woman Reader, 1837–1911. Oxford: Clarendon.
FRASER, Hilary. 2012. “Periodicals and Reviewing.” In The Cambridge History of Victorian Literature, edited by Kate Flint, 56–76. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
––––. 2014. Women Writing Art History in the Nineteenth Century. Looking Like a Woman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
FRASER, Hilary et al. 2003. Gender and the Victorian Periodical. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
HOBERMAN, Ruth. 2016. “Venus in the Museum. Women’s Representations and the Rise of Public Art Institutions.” In The History of British Women’s Writing, 1880–1920, edited by Holly A. Laird, 111–24. Basingstoke: Palgrave.
LASA ÁLVAREZ, Begoña. 2019. “The Maid of Saragossa, a Spanish Woman Warrior in Anglo-American Catalogues of Celebrated Women.” Journal of War & Culture Studies. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17526272.2019.1627772.
LOSANO, Antonia. 2008. The Woman Painter in Victorian Literature. Columbus, OH: The Ohio State UP.
LYONS, Martyn. 1999. “New Readers in the Nineteenth Century: Women, Children, Workers.” In A History of Reading in the West, edited by Guglielmo Cavallo and Roger Chartier, 313–44. Cambridge: Polity.
MAITZEN, Rohan Amanda. 1998. Gender, Genre, and Victorian Historical Writing. New York: Garland.
MORGAN, Simon. 2007. A Victorian Woman’s Place: Public Culture in the Nineteenth Century. London: I. B. Tauris.
NOCHLIN, Linda. 1988. “Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists?” In Women, Art, and Power and Other Essays, edited by Linda Nochlin, 145–78. New York: Harper & Row.
POLLOCK, Griselda. 2003. Vision and Difference. Feminism, Femininity and the Histories of Art. London: Routledge.
ROWBOTHAM, Sheila. 1974. Hidden from History. Rediscovering Women in History from the Seventeenth-Century to the Present. New York: Random House.
SPENDER, Dale. 1986. Mothers of the Novel. 100 Good Women Writers before Jane Austen. London: Pandora.
SPONGBERG, Mary. 2002. Writing Women’s History since the Renaissance. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
VICKERY, Amanda. 2016. “Hidden from History: the Royal Academy’s Female Founders.” Royal Academy of Arts, 3 June. https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/article/ra-magazine-summer-2016-hidden-from-history (Last access: 30 November 2018).
WALKER, Gina Luria. 2013. “General Introduction.” In Female Biography; or, Memoirs of Illustrious and Celebrated Women, of All Ages and Countries. Alphabetically Arranged, vol. 1, edited by Gina Luria Walker, xi–xxx. London: Pickering & Chatto.
––––. 2018. “Introduction.” In The Invention of Female Biography, edited by Gina Luria Walker, 3–18. London and New York: Routledge.
